Home  Product Technical Articles   2N2222 NPN Transistor: Pinout, Datasheet, Circuit [FAQ]

2N2222 NPN Transistor: Pinout, Datasheet, Circuit [FAQ]

Author: Mia
Date: 20 Jan 2022
 17118
2n2222 transistor

In today's blog, we are going to discuss 2n2222's pinout, applications, equivalents, example circuits and where and how to use this device, etc. Hope this blog is helpful to you.

 

2N2222 is the most common NPN bipolar junction transistor available in the market. It can be used for amplification of analog signals as well as switching applications. The major functional area of 2N-2222 is enclosed in a TO-18 package. It is most common in the market due to the cost efficiency and the smaller size. 


Catalog

2N2222 Pinout

2N2222 Features/Specifications

2N2222 Applications

2N2222 PNP Complementary

2N2222 VS 2N2222A

2N2222 Functional Equivalents

2N2222 Package

2N2222 Example Circuits

Where and How to Use 2N2222

How to Safely Long Run 2N2222 in a Circuit

2N2222 Popularity by Region

2N2222 Manufacturer

Component Datasheet

FAQ


2N2222 Pinout

2N2222 Pinout

 

Pin Number

Pin Name

Description

1

Base

Controls the biasing of transistor

2

Collector

Current flows in through collector

3

Emitter

Current Drains out through emitter


2N2222 Features/Specifications

Attribute

Attribute Value

Current-Collector-Cutoff-Max:

10nA (ICBO)

DC-Current-Gain-hFE-Min-Ic-Vce:

100 @ 150mA, 10V

Power-Max:

500mW

Frequency-Transition:

300MHz

Mounting-Type:

Through Hole

Package-Case:

TO-206AA, TO-18-3 Metal Can

Supplier-Device-Package:

TO-18

Mounting-Style:

Through Hole

Transistor-Polarity:

NPN

Configuration:

Single

Collector-Emitter-Voltage-VCEO-Max:

40 V

Collector-Base-Voltage-VCBO:

75 V

Emitter-Base-Voltage-VEBO:

6 V

Collector-Emitter-Saturation-Voltage:

1 V

Maximum-DC-Collector-Current:

0.8 A

Gain-Bandwidth-Product-fT:

300 MHz

Maximum-Operating-Temperature:

+ 150 C

DC-Collector-Base-Gain-hfe-Min:

35

Minimum-Operating-Temperature:

- 65 C

Pd-Power-Dissipation:

0.4 W

Part-Aliases:

BK


2N2222 Applications

  • Audio Preamplifiers
  • Audio Amplifier Stages
  • Switching many loads at the same time (Thanks to its 600mA output in a small TO-92 package)
  • Darlington Pairs
  • RF Circuits
  • Sensor Circuits

2N2222 PNP Complementary

PNP Complementary of 2N2222 is 2N2907


2N2222 VS 2N2222A

Like 2N2222, 2N2222A is also an NPN transistor. Down below is the feature differences between them.

 

  2N2222 2N2222A
Reach Compliance Code not_compliant compliant
HTS Code 8541.21.00.75 8541.21.00.75
Case Connection COLLECTOR  
Collector Current-Max (IC) 0.8 A 0.6 A
Collector-Emitter Voltage-Max 30 V 40 V
Configuration SINGLE SINGLE
DC Current Gain-Min (hFE) 50 40
JEDEC-95 Code TO-18 TO-92
JESD-30 Code O-MBCY-W3 O-PBCY-W3
Number of Elements 1 1
Number of Terminals 3 3
Operating Temperature-Max 175 °C 150 °C
Package Body Material METAL PLASTIC/EPOXY
Package Shape ROUND ROUND
Package Style CYLINDRICAL CYLINDRICAL
Peak Reflow Temperature (Cel) NOT SPECIFIED NOT SPECIFIED
Polarity/Channel Type NPN NPN
Power Dissipation-Max (Abs) 0.5 W  
Qualification Status Not Qualified Not Qualified
Surface Mount NO NO
Terminal Form WIRE WIRE
Terminal Position BOTTOM BOTTOM
Time@Peak Reflow Temperature-Max (s) NOT SPECIFIED NOT SPECIFIED
Transistor Application SWITCHING  
Transistor Element Material SILICON SILICON
Transition Frequency-Nom (fT) 250 MHz 250 MHz
Base Number Matches 6 1
Pbfree Code    Yes
Part Package Code   TO-92
Package Description   ROHS COMPLIANT, PLASTIC PACKAGE-3
Pin Count   3
Operating Temperature-Min   -55 °C

 

Speaking of which, there is another ic that similar and easy to confused with 2N2222, that is PN2222/P2N2222. As a replacements for the 2N2222, they are commonly available in the cheaper TO-92 packaging, which has similar specifications except for the lower maximum collector current. And their biggest difference is their pinout, as showned in the figure below:

 

Pinout difference between 2N2222A and P2N2222A

 

So, you should be careful when using P2N2222A as a substitude of 2N2222A in your circuit.


2N2222 Functional Equivalents

Part Number

Description

Manufacturer

2N2222{TAPE-REEL}

TRANSISTORS

TRANSISTOR Si, SMALL SIGNAL TRANSISTOR, TO-18, BIP General Purpose Small Signal

NXP Semiconductors

2N2222G4

TRANSISTORS

Small Signal Bipolar Transistor, 0.8A I(C), 30V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-206AA, HERMETIC SEALED, METAL, TO-18, 3 PIN

TT Electronics Resistors

2N2222{AMMOPAK}

TRANSISTORS

TRANSISTOR Si, SMALL SIGNAL TRANSISTOR, TO-18, BIP General Purpose Small Signal

NXP Semiconductors

2N2222CECC

TRANSISTORS

Small Signal Bipolar Transistor, 0.8A I(C), 40V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-18, TO-18, 3 PIN

TT Electronics Resistors

2N2222LEADFREE

TRANSISTORS

Small Signal Bipolar Transistor, 0.8A I(C), 30V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-18,

Central Semiconductor Corp

JTXV2N2222

TRANSISTORS

Small Signal Bipolar Transistor, 0.8A I(C), 30V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-206AA, CASE 22-03, TO-18, 3 PIN

CRYSTALONICS Inc

JTX2N2222

TRANSISTORS

Small Signal Bipolar Transistor, 0.8A I(C), 30V V(BR)CEO, 1-Element, NPN, Silicon, TO-206AA, CASE 22-03, TO-18, 3 PIN

CRYSTALONICS Inc


2N2222 Package

  • TO-18 Package Mechanical Data

2N2222 Package

 

  • TO-18 Package Dimension

2N2222 Package

 


2N2222 Example Circuits

 

  • LED Controlling Example

In this example circuit, we attach a push-button with a base terminal. 5 volts with collector terminal through 220ohm resistor.

  • Connect an LED with an emitter terminal through a 220-ohm resistor. By mistake, 10kΩ used as a current limiting resistor with an LED.
  • If you use 10kΩ LED will not glow when you turn on the switch due to low current passing through the LED.
  • 10kΩ resistor will limit the current below the forward current requires to turn on an LED.
  • Also, use a 220Ω resistor between the switch and base terminal.
  • Now, if you apply a 5 volts logic at base input, you will see LED glowing. Otherwise, it will remain off.

LED Controlling Circuit

 

  • Example of Interfacing DC motor as a switch using Arduino

In this example, a 2N2222 NPN transistor is used in common emitter configuration mode. This circuit controls a dc motor through a transistor that is used as a switch. We can use Arduino Uno or any microcontroller to control this circuit.  The working of this circuit is exactly the same as you have seen in the last section except dc motor is used.

2N2222 Arduino Application Circuit


Where and How to Use 2N2222

Due to its good features,  2N2222 can be used in wide variety of electronic projects, the large 600mA collector current makes this transistor ideal to be used in your electronic projects to control relays, high power LEDs, other high power transistors and ICs at the same time. 2N2222 can also be used to amplify audio signals,  for example,  it can be used in audio preamplifier stages and also in audio amplifier stages. It can also be used as a small audio amplifier or to drive a small speaker in electronic projects.


How to Safely Long Run 2N2222 in a Circuit

If you want to get best performance with 2N2222 transistor,  you should not drive load more than 600mA, the collector-emitter voltage of the transistor must in under 40V, and use a suitable base resistor which provides the required current at the base of the transistor, what's more, do not store or operate the transistor below -55 centigrade and above +150 centigrade.


2N2222 Popularity by Region

2N2222 Popularity by Region


2N2222 Manufacturer

STMicroelectronics N.V. is an independent semiconductor company that designs, develops, manufactures and markets a range of semiconductor products used in a variety of microelectronic applications, including automotive products, computer peripherals, telecommunications systems, consumer products, industrial automation and control systems. Its segments include Automotive, Consumer, Computer and Communication Infrastructure (ACCI); Industrial and Multisegment Sector (IMS), and Wireless.


Component Datasheet

2N2222 Datasheet


FAQ

  • What is 2N2222 Transistor?

The 2N2222 is a common NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) used for general purpose low-power amplifying or switching applications. It is designed for low to medium current, low power, medium voltage, and can operate at moderately high speeds. It was originally made in the TO-18 metal package.

  • What is the difference between 2n2222 and 2n2222a?

Both parts are about the same. The 2n2222A is a slight bit better in terms of Vceo, Vcbo, Vebo. But if you are not planning on stressing the part (higher voltages, etc) both will work well, especially for simple switching and logic circuits. The 2n2222 part is the older style part which might be the reason they are being offered at a low price.

  • Can we use bc547 instead of 2n2222?

Yes, you can use it if the load has not more than 100ma current load. BC547 transistor has capacity to handle Collector current (Ic) load not more than 100ma. ... Pin configuration of BC547 is also different as compared with 2N2222. Pin configuration of both transistor is reverse (middle pin of both are Base).

  • What does a transistor do?

What is a transistor? A transistor, also known as a BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor), is a current driven semiconductor device which can be used to control the flow of electric current in which a small amount of current in the Base lead controls a larger current between the Collector and Emitter.

  • Is 2n2222 PNP or NPN?

Part numbers. The 2N2222 (NPN) and 2N2907 (PNP) are complementary transistor pairs.

  • How can we use 2n2222 transistor as a switch?

  • How do I choose the right transistor?

Choosing a Suitable PNP or NPN Transistor Switch

  1. The transistor'smaximum collector current must be greater than the load current.
  2. The transistor'smaximum current gain must be at least 5 times the load current divided by the maximum output current from the IC.
  3. Choose a transistor which meets the requirements and making a note of its properties.
  • What is the difference between transistor and amplifier?

In this sense, an amplifier modulates the output of the power supply to make the output signal stronger than the input signal. A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power.

  • What are the 2 main uses of transistor?

Transistors are commonly used in digital circuits as electronic switches which can be either in an "on" or "off" state, both for high-power applications such as switched-mode power supplies and for low-power applications such as logic gates.

  • What can replace an transistor?

Transistors that are used as switches may, in some cases, be replaced with relays, physical switches, or even light-sensitive resistors, etc. For logic circuits and digital switching, MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) devices may be used to route light beams in an integrated circuit package.


 

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