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Introduction
Among the electronic components, a diode is a device having two electrodes, which only allows current to flow in a single direction, and many uses a rectifying function. The varactor is used as an electronically tunable capacitor. The current directionality of most diodes is often referred to as the "rectifier" function. The most common function of a diode is to allow only current to pass in a single direction (called forward bias) and reverse in reverse (called reverse bias). Therefore, the diode can be thought of as an electronic version of the check valve.
Schematic Diagrams & Symbols, Electrical Circuits - Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors, Diodes, & LEDs
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Ⅰ Types of Diodes
1.1 Rectifier Diodes
In diode circuits, the application of rectifier diodes is the most common. The so-called rectifier diode is a diode specifically used in a power supply circuit to convert alternating current into one-way pulsating direct current.
Fast recovery diode is a kind of semiconductor diode with good switching characteristics and short reverse recovery time. It is mainly used in electronic circuits such as switching power supply, PWM pulse width modulator and inverter, as high frequency rectifier diode, freewheeling diode or Damping diodes are used.
Rectifier diode is a semiconductor device used to convert alternating current into direct current. The most important characteristic of a diode is its unidirectional conductivity. In the circuit, current can only flow from the positive pole of the diode and the negative pole flows out.
The rectifier bridge is to seal several rectifier tubes in one shell to form a complete rectifier circuit. A three-phase rectifier circuit is proposed when power is further increased or multiphase rectification is required for other reasons. The three-phase rectifier bridge is divided into three-phase full-wave rectifier bridge (full bridge) and three-phase half-wave rectifier bridge (half bridge). Select the rectifier bridge to consider the rectifier circuit and operating voltage. A rectifier circuit that requires a high output voltage requires a capacitor, and a capacitor of a rectifier circuit that does not require a high output voltage can be mounted or not.
1.2 Zener Diodes
Zener diodes or reverse breakdown diodes, have different characteristics than ordinary diodes. Regenerative diodes are mainly used to stabilize the DC operating voltage and can also be used to limit the signal.
1.3 Light-emitting Diode
Light-emitting diodes are referred to as LEDs and are commonly used to indicate the operating state of the circuit and various signals.
1.4 Schottky Diodes
Schottky diodes are primarily used for rectification and freewheeling of circuits. It is widely used in switching power supplies, inverters, drivers and other circuits. Do high frequency, low voltage, high current rectifier diodes, freewheeling diodes, protection diodes, or rectifier diodes, small signal detection diodes, etc. in microwave communication.
1.5 Fast Recovery Diode
Fast recovery diodes are used in switching power supplies, pulse width modulators (PWM), uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), AC motor variable frequency speed regulation (VVVF), high frequency heating, etc., as high frequency, high current freewheeling or rectifier diodes.
1.6 Constant Current Diode
The constant current diode can output a constant current over a wide voltage range and has a high dynamic impedance. Can be used to stabilize and limit current. Mainly used in low power, such as constant current source, voltage regulator, amplifier and electronic circuit protection circuit.
1.7 Transient Voltage Suppressor
It also known as transient voltage suppression diode, two-way breakdown diode, referred to as TVS. The transient suppression diode is not broken down. It can reduce the resistance when the voltage is extremely high, divert the current or control its flow direction, thus protecting the circuit components from being burnt out if the transient voltage is too high.
1.8 Bidirectional Trigger Diode
Also known as the two-terminal AC device DIAC or bidirectional diode. It is often used to start a bidirectional thyristor, and can also constitute an overvoltage protection circuit.
1.9 Varistor Diode
The varistor diode is made by the principle of variable resistance between PN junctions. It is mainly used in 10-1000MHz high-frequency circuits or switching power supplies, etc. It can be used as an adjustable attenuator, limiting, and protection.
1.10 Tunnel Diode
Also known as the Jiangsaki diode, it is a diode with a tunneling current as the main current component. It has a simple structure, fast change speed and low power consumption. Widely used in high speed pulse counting. Tunnel diodes can be used to form bistable circuits, monostable circuits, multivibrators, and for shaping and frequency division.
1.11 Other Types
Double base diode also known as a single-cell transistor, it is a three-terminal negative resistance device with a PN junction. It is widely used in a variety of oscillators, timers and controller circuits.
The magnetic diode can generate a higher output voltage under the action of a weak magnetic field, and synchronously output positive and negative voltages as the direction of the magnetic field changes. It is widely used in magnetic detection, current measurement, non-contact switch, displacement measurement, speed measurement, automatic control of brushless DC motor.
At a certain bias current, the voltage drop of the PN junction of the temperature sensitive diode is a function of temperature. For every degree of temperature increase, the forward voltage drop of the temperature sensitive diode PN junction drops by 2 mV. Used for temperature measurement circuits.
Precision diode, Referred to as PD, precision diode is a high-precision diode with stable voltage and stable current. It has a wide operating temperature, good linearity and very high stability. Commonly used in constant current sources or constant voltage sources in various electronic circuits.
For photodiode, a device that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal. When there is light, the resistance is small, the current is large, and when there is no light, the resistance is large and the current is small.
Infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are diodes that emit infrared light and are commonly used in remote control applications.
One of the features of laser diodes is the ability to modulate the intensity of their output light directly from the current. Because there is a linear relationship between the output optical power and the input current, the laser diode can directly modulate the intensity of the output light with analog or digital current.
Lightning protection diode, often used to protect voltage-sensitive telecommunications equipment from lightning surges and transient surge voltages generated by equipment switching to damage them. The GDT is a high impedance component.
The detector diode is a device for detecting a low-frequency signal superimposed on a high-frequency carrier, and has high detection efficiency and good frequency characteristics.
Ⅱ Diode Symbols
Frequently Asked Questions about Diode Electronic Basics
1. What is the diode symbol?
Diode Symbols
2. How do you read a diode?
The Diode Test procedure is conducted as follows:
Make certain a) all power to the circuit is OFF and b) no voltage exists at the diode. Voltage may be present in the circuit due to charged capacitors.
Turn the dial (rotary switch) to Diode Test mode.
Connect the test leads to the diode.
Reverse the test leads.
3. What is diode with diagram?
Diode, an electrical component that allows the flow of current in only one direction. In circuit diagrams, a diode is represented by a triangle with a line across one vertex.
4. What is unit of diode?
What is the unit of a diode? Diode is a physical device so its units is a count - number of pieces or number of items. If you would go to a shop you would ask for a certain number of diodes. It is a secondary matter that shopkeeper will ask you about its PIV or rated current or max permissible temperature etc.
5. What is a 1n4007 diode used for?
1N4007 is a rectifier diode, designed specifically for circuits that need to convert alternating current to direct current. It can pass currents of up to 1 A, and have peak inverse voltage (PIV) rating of 1,000V.
6. How many volts can a diode handle?
Silicon diodes have a forward voltage of approximately 0.7 volts. Germanium diodes have a forward voltage of approximately 0.3 volts. The maximum reverse-bias voltage that a diode can withstand without “breaking down” is called the Peak Inverse Voltage, or PIV rating.
7. How much current can a diode block?
Forward Current
When the voltage at the anode is higher than the cathode voltage, the diode is said to be "forward-biased," since the electrical current is "moving forward." The maximum amount of current that the diode can consistently conduct in a forward-biased state is 1 ampere.
8. Does a diode block voltage?
By blocking any opposing voltages source so that no current can flow in opposition? And of course, a diode has its limit. If there is a voltage in opposition that is higher to what the diode can handle it allows current to flow in opposition.
9. How do you connect a diode?
It's important not to mix the connections on a diode up. The positive end of a diode is called the anode, and the negative end is called the cathode. Current can flow from the anode end to the cathode, but not the other direction.
10. Is a diode the same as a rectifier?
A diode is an electronic component that allows the current to flow in only one direction. It is a two-terminal semiconductor device. The rectifier is a device that is used to convert an AC voltage to a DC voltage. A diode is used as a switch and a rectifier is used for the conversion of an AC voltage to a DC voltage.
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